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Mac OS X Server

Screenshot of Leopard Server showing the new Server Admin
Company / developer Apple Inc.
OS family UNIX/Mac OS X/Darwin/NEXTSTEP
Working state Current
Source model Closed source (Darwin foundation is open source)
Latest stable release 10.5.5/ 17 September 2008
Supported platforms x86, PowerPC
Kernel type Hybrid kernel
Default user interface Aqua
License Apple Public Source License / Apple EULA
Website Apple - Mac OS X Server

Mac OS X Server is Apple's UNIX server operating system. Based on the same architecture as Mac OS X, Mac OS X Server includes additional services, applications and administration tools for managing and deploying servers.

Mac OS X Server is the operating system included on Xserve, Apple's 1U rack mount server. Mac OS X Server is also sold separately for use on Apple desktop computers including Mac Pro, iMac and Mac mini. Mac OS X Server is commonly found in small business, education and large enterprise organizations.

Contents

Overview

Mac OS X Server is based on an open source foundation, called Darwin and uses open industry standards and protocols. Darwin is the Mach 3.0 microkernel based on the OSF/mk project from the Open Software Foundation. In addition, Darwin includes open source components from the BSD development community.

Mac OS X Server includes services and applications for cross-platform file sharing, standards-based directory and authentication services, networking and security services, calendaring and scheduling, web hosting, email services, secure instant messaging, web-based collaboration, system imaging, live video broadcasting and on-demand video streaming, podcast encode and delivery, client management and distributed computing.

Versions

Mac OS X Server 10.6 (Snow Leopard Server)

Announced: June 9, 2008

Snow Leopard Server1 will feature:

  • a full 64-bit kernel
  • ZFS read and write support
  • iCal Server 2 with improved CalDAV support, a new web calendaring application, push notifications and the ability to send email invitations to non-iCal users
  • Podcast Producer 2 with dual-source video support, and a GUI workflow editor for selecting videos, transitions, titles, watermarks and effects
  • Address Book Server to share contacts across multiple computers using CardDAV protocol
  • OpenCL to leverage GPU for HPC (high performance computing) applications
  • Notification service for sending push notifications to your iPhone
  • Remote access proxy service for secure access to email, address book contacts, calendars and internal websites
Box artwork for Mac OS X Server versions 10.1-10.5.

Mac OS X Server 10.5 (Leopard Server)

Released: October 26, 2007

Mac OS X Server version 10.5 is the most recent release of Apple's server operating system.

New Features

  • Simplified Setup. The redesigned Server Assistant steps you through configuration of key server applications, networking settings, and user accounts. Once setup is complete, the new Server Preferences application allows you to manage key services. A new Server Status Dashboard widget provides at-a-glance information on the status of services, as well as on disk space and CPU use.
  • Podcast Producer. An end-to-end solution for producing professional-quality podcasts is ideal for product training, sales presentations, university lectures, or employee updates. With the Podcast Capture application in Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard, users can capture audio and video, record onscreen actions, or submit existing QuickTime content to the server. Once the content is uploaded, Podcast Producer in Leopard Server automatically publishes it in formats optimized for playback on almost any device, from HD video to iPod, iPhone, or Apple TV.
  • Wiki Server. With Leopard Server users can create collaborative web pages, called wikis, complete with group calendar, blog, and mailing list archive. With the wiki server members can create blog entries, tag and cross-reference material, upload files and images, add comments, and perform keyword searches. Wiki server maintains the complete history, so you can always revert to a previous version of any page.
  • iCal Server. Leopard Server includes a calendaring platform that makes it easy for individuals and groups to share calendars, coordinate events, schedule meetings and reserve resources. iCal Server was the first commercial calendar server to support the open CalDAV standard.
  • Spotlight Server. Designed for workgroups with shared documents, projects, and file archives. It works with Mac OS X Leopard clients to search content stored on shared volumes across the entire network. Spotlight Sever works with the Quick Look and Cover Flow features in Leopard to scan though files—without needing to open them.
  • Infrastructure enhancements. With the release of Leopard Server, Mac OS X Server is now an Open Brand UNIX 03 Registered Product conforming to the SUSv3 and POSIX 1003.1 specifications for the C API, Shell Utilities, and Threads. Mac OS X Server can compile and run all existing UNIX 03-compliant code. Many services in Leopard Server—including Apache 2, MySQL 5, Postfix, Podcast Producer, and QuickTime Streaming Server—are 64-bit, able to take maximum advantage of the processing power and addressable memory of 64-bit system hardware. Leopard Server is also 32-bit compatible, 32-bit and 64-bit applications can run side by side, both at native performance.

Mac OS X Server 10.4 (Tiger Server)

Released: April 29, 2005

The 10.4 release adds 64-bit application support, Access Control Lists, Xgrid, link aggregation, e-mail spam filtering (SpamAssassin), virus detection (ClamAV), Gateway Setup Assistant, and servers for Software Update, iChat Server using Jabber 2, and weblogs.

On August 10, 2006 Apple announced the first Universal Binary release of Mac OS X Server, version 10.4.7, supporting both PowerPC and Intel processors. At the same time Apple announced the release of the Intel-based Mac Pro and Xserve systems.

Mac OS X Server 10.3 (Panther Server)

Released: October 24, 2003

The 10.3 Mac OS X Server release includes updated Open Directory user and file management, which with this release is based on LDAP, beginning the deprecation of the NeXT-originated NetInfo architecture. The new Workgroup Manager interface improved configuration significantly. Many common network services are provided such as NTP, SNMP, web server (Apache), mail server (Postfix and Cyrus), LDAP (OpenLDAP), AFP, and print server. The inclusion of Samba version 3 allows tight integration with Windows clients and servers. MySQL v4.0.16 and PHP v4.3.7 are also included.

Mac OS X Server 10.2 (Jaguar Server)

Released: August 23, 2002

The 10.2 Mac OS X Server release includes updated Open Directory user and file management, which with this release is based on LDAP, beginning the deprecation of the NeXT-originated NetInfo architecture. The new Workgroup Manager interface improved configuration significantly. The release also saw major updates to NetBoot and NetInstall. Many common network services are provided such as NTP, SNMP, web server (Apache), mail server (Postfix and Cyrus), LDAP (OpenLDAP), AFP, and print server. The inclusion of Samba version 3 allows tight integration with Windows clients and servers. MySQL v4.0.16 and PHP v4.3.7 are also included.

Mac OS X Server 10.1 (Puma Server)

Released: September 25, 2001

Mac OS X Server 10.0 (Cheetah Server)

Released: May 21, 2001

Mac OS X Server 10.0 included the new Aqua user interface, Apache, PHP, MySQL, Tomcat, WebDAV support, Macintosh Manager and NetBoot.

Mac OS X Server 1.0 (Rhapsody)

The first version of Mac OS X was Mac OS X Server 1.0. Mac OS X Server 1.0 was based on Rhapsody 5.3, a hybrid of OPENSTEP from NeXT Computer and Mac OS 8.5.1. The GUI looked like a mixture of Mac OS 8's Platinum appearance with OPENSTEP's NeXT-based interface. It included a runtime layer called Blue Box for running legacy Mac OS-based applications within a separate window. There was discussion of implementing a 'transparent blue box' which would intermix Mac OS applications with those written for Rhapsody's Yellow Box environment, but this would not happen until Mac OS X's Classic environment. Apple File Services, Macintosh Manager, QuickTime Streaming Server, WebObjects and NetBoot was included with Mac OS X Server 1.0.

Server Admin Tools

Mac OS X Server comes with a variety of configuration tools that can be installed on non-server Macs as well:

System requirements

System requirements for Mac OS X Server 10.5 are as follows:3

Requirements
Processor Intel, PowerPC G5, or PowerPC G4 (867MHz or faster) processor
Memory 1GB of physical RAM
Hard drive disk free space 20GB of available disk space

Podcast Producer Requirements

Podcast Capture: Requires a Mac running Mac OS X v10.5 or Mac OS X Server v10.5 Podcast Producer: A Mac with an Intel processor running Mac OS X Server v.10.5, 1GB of RAM plus 512MB of RAM per core and a Quartz Extreme-enabled video chipset. For optimal performance, an Xsan clustered file services is recommended.

Wiki Server Requirements

Interacting with Wiki Server requires a modern web browser such as:

  • Safari 3 (Mac OS X, Windows)
  • Safari (iPhone, iPod touch)
  • Internet Explorer 6 or 7
  • Firefox 2

Technical Specifications

File and Print Services

  • Mac (AFP, AppleTalk PAP, IPP)
  • Windows (SMB/CIFS, IPP)
  • UNIX and Linux (NFS, LPR/LPD)
  • Internet (FTP, WebDAV)

Directory Services and Authentication

  • Open Directory (OpenLDAP, Kerberos, SASL)
  • NT Domain Services (Samba 3)
  • Backup Domain Controller (BDC)
  • LDAP directory connector
  • Active Directory connector
  • BSD configuration files (/etc)
  • RADIUS

Mail Services

Calendaring

Web Hosting

Collaboration Services

Application Servers

  • Apache Tomcat (6)
  • Java virtual machine (J2SE)
  • WebObjects Deployment (5.4)
  • Apache Axis (SOAP)

Media Streaming'

Client Management

  • Managed Preferences
  • NetBoot
  • NetInstall
  • Software Update Server
  • Portable home directories

Networking and VPN

  • DNS server (BIND 9)
  • DHCP server
  • NAT server
  • VPN server (L2TP/IPSec, PPTP)
  • Firewall (IPFW2)
  • NTP

Distributed Computing

High-Availability Features

  • Automatic recovery
  • File system journaling
  • IP failover
  • Software RAID
  • Disk space monitor

File Systems

  • HFS+ (journaled, case sensitive)
  • Read-only UFS and ZFS

Management Features

  • Server Assistant
  • Server Admin
  • Server Preferences
  • Server Status widget
  • Workgroup Manager
  • System Image Utility
  • Secure Shell (SSH2)
  • Server Monitor
  • RAID Utility
  • SNMPv3 (Net-SNMP)

Languages

Mac OS X Server is available in the following languages:4

Resources

References

  1. ^ Mac OS X Server Snow Leopard
  2. ^ Apple
  3. ^ "Mac OS X Server - Technical Specifications" (26 October 2007).
  4. ^ http://www.apple.com/server/macosx/specs.html
  5. ^ Mac OS X Server Documentation
  6. ^ Mac OS X Server Technology Briefs
  7. ^ Mac OS X Server Security Guides

External links

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